Professor of Surgery Cornell University Ithaca, New York
Surgical treatments of horses with pharyngeal dysfunction are constantly evolving to meet the needs of the industry. Intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate can be treated conservatively or with surgical procedures that modify the soft palate or laryngeal position. Surgical treatment of pharyngeal collapse is largely empirical and research is needed to elucidate treatment effects. The number of surgical treatments for pharyngeal dysfunction that can be performed with the horse in the standing position has expanded.